Two life scientists have been honoured with the prestigious Shaw Prize in Hong Kong for their groundbreaking research contributing to the treatment of a blood disorder affecting millions worldwide. American researchers Thein Swee Lay and Stuart Orkin were awarded the Shaw Prize for Life Sciences and Medicine for their pioneering work on blood cell disorders.
Their research focused on sickle cell disease and beta-thalassaemia, both of which disrupt the production of adult haemoglobin, the protein responsible for oxygen transport in red blood cells. Thein discovered that the severity of these diseases in patients could be attributed to a gene called BCL11A, which regulates a specific type of haemoglobin found exclusively in fetuses under six months old.
Building upon Thein's findings, Orkin's research demonstrated that modifying the BCL11A protein through gene editing techniques could stimulate the production of fetal haemoglobin, offering a promising alternative to traditional blood transplants for treating these disorders.
The impact of their work has been significant, with the Food and Drug Administration in the United States recently approving two stem cell therapies for sickle cell disease based on Thein and Orkin's research.
Professor Bonnie Bassler praised the contributions of Thein and Orkin, emphasizing the transformative potential of their discoveries in driving the development of life-saving therapies. Their success highlights the critical interplay between basic scientific research, disease understanding, and the translation of findings into practical medical applications.
The recognition of Thein Swee Lay and Stuart Orkin by the Shaw Prize underscores the importance of fundamental research in addressing pressing global health challenges. Their breakthroughs offer hope for millions of individuals affected by blood disorders, showcasing the power of scientific inquiry to improve human health and save lives.
